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Horse gaits are the various ways in which a horse can move, either naturally or as a result of specialized training by humans.〔Ensminger, M. E. ''Horses and Horsemanship'' 6th edition USA: Interstate Publishers 1990 ISBN 0-8134-2883-1 p. 65-66〕 ==Classification== Gaits are typically categorized into two groups: the "natural" gaits that most horses will use without special training, and the "ambling" gaits that are various smooth-riding four-beat footfall patterns that may appear naturally in some individuals, but which usually occur only in certain breeds. Special training is often required before a horse will perform an ambling gait in respond to a rider's command.〔 Another system of classification that applies to quadrupeds uses three categories: walking and ambling gaits, running or trotting gaits, and leaping gaits.〔Tristan David Martin Roberts (1995) ''Understanding Balance: The Mechanics of Posture and Locomotion'', Nelson Thornes, ISBN 0-412-60160-5〕 The British Horse Society Dressage Rules require competitors to perform four variations of the walk, six forms of the trot, five leaping gaits (all forms of the canter), halt, and rein back, but not the gallop.〔 The British Horse Society Equitation examinations also require proficiency in the gallop as distinct from the canter.〔("Junior Equitation and Horse Welfare 2A requires riders to 'be able to develop a hand gallop from a canter and return smoothly to canter'" )〕〔("Junior Equitation and Horse Welfare 3A requires riders to 'maintain a balanced and secure position at walk, trot (sitting and rising), canter and gallop, showing the rider is progressing along the right lines.'" )〕 The so-called "natural" gaits, in increasing order of speed, are the walk, trot, canter, and gallop.〔Harris, Susan E. ''Horse Gaits, Balance and Movement'' New York: Howell Book House 1993 ISBN 0-87605-955-8 p.32〕 Some consider these as three gaits, with the canter a variation of the gallop, even though the canter is distinguished by having three beats, whereas the gallop has four beats. All four gaits are seen in wild horse populations. While other intermediate speed gaits may occur naturally to some horses, these four basic gaits occur in nature across almost all horse breeds.〔 In some animals the trot is replaced by the pace or an ambling gait.〔 Horses who possess an ambling gait are usually also able to trot. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「horse gait」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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